Using grep, sed, awk, cut, sort, uniq, tr, and pipelines to filter and transform text.
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- What does grep do?
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Searches for lines matching a regular expression pattern- How do you make grep search case-insensitive?
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Use the -i flag: grep -i pattern file- What does grep -v do?
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Inverts the match, showing lines that do NOT match the pattern- What flag enables extended regular expressions in grep?
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-E (or --extended-regexp)- What does grep -c do?
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Counts and displays the number of matching lines- What does grep -n do?
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Shows line numbers before each matching line- What does grep -o do?
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Shows only the matching part, not the entire line- What is sed?
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A stream editor that reads text line by line and applies edit commands- What does sed s/old/new/ do?
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Substitutes the first occurrence of old with new on each line- How do you substitute all occurrences of a pattern on a line with sed?
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Add the g flag: sed s/old/new/g- What does sed -i do?
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Edits files in-place, modifying the original file instead of printing to stdout- What does sed 3d do?
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Deletes line 3 from the output- How do you delete a range of lines in sed?
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Use comma notation: sed 1,5d deletes lines 1 through 5- What does sed p do?
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Prints a line (usually used with sed -n to suppress normal output)- What is the basic structure of an awk program?
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pattern { action } - awk finds lines matching pattern and executes the action
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