Tagalog verb focus (actor, object, and locative focus) and aspect conjugation patterns, a hallmark of Tagalog grammar, with an example sentence per card. Front: the Tagalog word or phrase. Back: English meaning.
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- Konektado focus
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Actor focus; marks the subject as the performer of the action; formed with mag- prefix- Direktang focus
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Object focus; marks the direct object as the focus of the action; formed with i- or in- prefix- Lokal na focus
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Locative focus; marks the location or destination as the focus; formed with ipag- or sa- prefix- Instrumental focus
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Marks the tool or instrument as the focus; formed with ipang- or gamitin- magkain
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Actor focus perfective of kain (eat); the eater is the focus- nagkain
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Actor focus perfective past tense of kain; he/she/they ate- kumakain
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Actor focus imperfective of kain; is eating or eats habitually- kakain
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Actor focus contemplative of kain; will eat or about to eat- kumakain siya ng bigas
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He/she is eating rice; actor focus imperfective showing ongoing meal- ipinagmalaki niya ito
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He/she is proud of it; object focus perfective showing the object was the focus of the pride- kinain niya ang pagkain
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She/he ate the food; object focus perfective where the food is the focus- inibabayad niya ang bili
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She/he is paying for the purchase; object focus imperfective- iniwan niya dito
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She/he left it here; object focus perfective where the object left is the focus- ipinagsasabi niya
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What she/he is saying; object focus imperfective of sabi (say)- ipinakita niya ang larawan
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She/he showed the picture; object focus perfective where the picture is what was shown
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