Key Tagalog vocabulary for holidays, traditions, and social customs, with brief notes on greetings, hospitality, and gift-giving etiquette. Front: the Tagalog word or phrase. Back: English meaning and brief cultural note.
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- Pasko
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Christmas; major holiday season celebrated with religious observances and family gatherings- Simbang gabi
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Midnight Mass during the nine nights before Christmas; traditional predawn religious observance- Parol
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Star-shaped lantern displayed during Christmas season; symbol of Filipino Christmas- Pangangaluluwa
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Christmas caroling tradition; groups sing door-to-door for alms during December- Mano
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Respectful greeting to elders; raising elder's hand to one's forehead as sign of respect- Bayanihan
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Spirit of communal unity and shared labor; community working together for common goal- Pista
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Town or village fiesta celebrating a patron saint; includes parades, food, and festivities- Kapwa
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Shared humanity; core Filipino concept of unity and interconnectedness with others- Lechon
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Whole roasted pig served at celebrations, fiestas, and special occasions; festive main dish- Bibingka
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Rice cake traditionally prepared during Christmas season; baked in banana leaves- Suman
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Sticky glutinous rice cake wrapped in banana leaves; served as snack or dessert- Turon
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Fried banana roll snack; often given as gift to neighbors and guests- Halika
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Come; welcome; hospitality term used when inviting guests into one's home- Salamat
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Thank you; expressing gratitude to hosts, gift-givers, or anyone showing kindness- Tao po
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Polite verbal signal when entering someone's home; announces presence respectfully
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