Gender socialization, gender roles, and theories of gender inequality from a college sociology course.
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- What is the key difference between sex and gender in sociology?
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Sex refers to biological characteristics, while gender refers to socially constructed roles, behaviors, and identities.- Define gender socialization.
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The process through which people learn the gender role expectations and norms of their society.- Which institution is considered the primary agent of gender socialization?
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The family.- How do schools function as agents of gender socialization?
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Through curriculum choices, teacher interactions, peer groupings, and expectations that reinforce gendered behaviors.- What role do peer groups play in gender socialization?
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Peer groups influence gender role adoption, especially during adolescence, through social approval and rejection.- How does media contribute to gender socialization?
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Through television, film, advertising, and social media that portray stereotypical gender roles and expectations.- What are gender roles?
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Socially constructed expectations for how men and women should behave, think, and appear.- What are gender norms?
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Unwritten rules and expectations about appropriate gender behavior that are enforced through social approval or disapproval.- How does structural functionalism view gender roles?
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As complementary roles that maintain social stability and allow society to function efficiently.- How does conflict theory explain gender inequality?
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Gender inequality serves capitalist interests by controlling women's labor and maintaining patriarchal power structures.- How does symbolic interactionism approach gender?
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Gender meanings are created and recreated through social interactions and are not fixed or natural.- What is patriarchy in sociology?
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A social system in which men hold primary power and authority in institutions, culture, and interpersonal relationships.- What is the gender wage gap?
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The difference in average earnings between men and women, with women typically earning less than men.- Define the glass ceiling.
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Invisible barriers that prevent qualified women from advancing to higher levels of leadership and authority.- What is the second shift, according to Arlie Russell Hochschild?
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Women's unpaid domestic and childcare work that occurs after paid employment.
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