Common side effects and notable drug interactions for frequently dispensed medications, distinct from the brand/generic matching decks.
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- What is a common side effect of statins (e.g., atorvastatin)?
- Muscle pain (myopathy).
- Which drug class raises the risk of statin-induced muscle toxicity (rhabdomyolysis) when combined?
- Macrolide antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, clarithromycin).
- What common beverage interacts with many statins by increasing drug levels?
- Grapefruit juice.
- What respiratory side effect is characteristic of ACE inhibitors like lisinopril?
- A dry, persistent cough.
- What electrolyte imbalance can ACE inhibitors cause?
- Hyperkalemia (high potassium).
- Why is combining an ACE inhibitor with a potassium-sparing diuretic like spironolactone risky?
- It can cause dangerous hyperkalemia.
- What term describes the combination of an NSAID, an ACE inhibitor (or ARB), and a diuretic that raises acute kidney injury risk?
- The triple whammy.
- What is a common gastrointestinal side effect of NSAIDs like ibuprofen?
- Stomach irritation or ulcers.
- Why is combining warfarin with NSAIDs risky?
- It significantly increases bleeding risk.
- What vitamin, found in leafy green vegetables, can reduce warfarin's effectiveness?
- Vitamin K.
- What lab value is used to monitor warfarin therapy?
- INR (International Normalized Ratio).
- What serious condition is linked to giving aspirin to children with a viral illness?
- Reye's syndrome.
- What is a very common side effect of opioid pain medications?
- Constipation.
- What dangerous effect can occur when opioids are combined with benzodiazepines?
- Severe respiratory depression.
- What is a common side effect of first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine?
- Drowsiness (sedation).