Disease state drug therapy decisions and monitoring parameters tested on the NAPLEX.
50 cards · mixed cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the preferred first-line antihypertensive class for Black patients without heart failure or CKD?
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Thiazide diuretic or calcium channel blocker- What two lab values should be monitored after starting an ACE inhibitor?
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Serum potassium and serum creatinine- ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in which patient population?
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Pregnant patients- ACE inhibitors cause a dry, persistent cough due to increased levels of ____.
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bradykinin- What class of antihypertensive is typically substituted when a patient develops an ACE inhibitor cough?
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Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)- Which four drug classes make up the core GDMT for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?
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ACE inhibitor/ARB/ARNI, beta-blocker, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and SGLT2 inhibitor- Which three beta-blockers have proven mortality benefit in HFrEF?
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Carvedilol, metoprolol succinate, and bisoprolol- What is the key monitoring concern when starting spironolactone in a heart failure patient?
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Hyperkalemia (monitor serum potassium and renal function)- What is BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) used for clinically?
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Diagnosing and assessing the severity of heart failure- What is the first-line oral medication for type 2 diabetes?
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Metformin- At what eGFR level is metformin generally contraindicated due to lactic acidosis risk?
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Below 30 mL/min/1.73m2- What rare but serious adverse effect can occur with SGLT2 inhibitors even when blood glucose is near normal?
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Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis- Besides lowering blood glucose, what two additional benefits do GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., semaglutide) provide?
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Weight loss and cardiovascular risk reduction- What is the most important safety symptom to monitor for in a patient on insulin?
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Hypoglycemia- What lab test is used to monitor warfarin therapy?
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INR (international normalized ratio)
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