MCAT psych/soc foundational concepts: social structure, social stratification, culture, and demographics.
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- What is social stratification?
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A hierarchical arrangement of society based on inequality- Define achieved status.
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A social position earned through effort and merit- Define ascribed status.
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A social position assigned at birth- What is a status set?
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The collection of all statuses occupied by one person- Define social role.
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Expected behaviors and rights associated with a social status- What is role conflict?
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Incompatible expectations arising from different roles held simultaneously- What is role strain?
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Conflict within a single role between incompatible expectations- Define culture.
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Shared beliefs, values, norms, and practices of a group- What are cultural values?
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Beliefs about what is worthwhile or desirable in life- Define norms.
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Rules of behavior enforced by social sanctions- What are folkways?
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Informal norms with weak social sanctions for violations- Define mores.
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Norms with strong moral significance and harsh sanctions for violations- Define laws.
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Formal norms enforced by government with serious legal sanctions- What is a symbol?
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Something that represents something else through shared cultural meaning- Define cultural relativism.
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Judging a culture by its own standards rather than by one's own
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