Major Impressionist and Post-Impressionist painters and works, and what set the movement apart from academic painting. Front: the artist or work. Back: brief description and significance.
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- Claude Monet
- Major Impressionist painter known for series paintings (Haystacks, Water Lilies) exploring light and color at different times of day.
- Pierre-Auguste Renoir
- Impressionist painter known for soft, luminous treatment of light and focus on figure paintings and social scenes.
- Edgar Degas
- Impressionist painter famous for ballet dancers and unconventional perspectives; emphasized drawing over color.
- Camille Pissarro
- Impressionist known for rural and urban landscapes with disciplined small brushstrokes and emphasis on light and atmosphere.
- Berthe Morisot
- One of the first significant female Impressionist painters, known for domestic scenes and portraits with loose brushwork.
- Mary Cassatt
- American Impressionist painter known for intimate domestic scenes, especially mother-child relationships and tender moments.
- Frederic Bazille
- Early Impressionist painter known for figures in outdoor landscape settings; career cut short by death in Franco-Prussian War.
- Impression, Sunrise by Monet
- 1872 painting of Le Havre harbor at sunrise that critics mocked, giving Impressionism its name when exhibited at the Salon des Refuses.
- Luncheon of the Boating Party by Renoir
- 1880-81 Impressionist painting of friends relaxing by the Seine; exemplifies the movement's interest in leisure and modern subjects.
- The Dance Class by Degas
- Painting of ballet dancers and an instructor; exemplifies Degas' unconventional perspective and interest in movement and drawing.
- Water Lilies series by Monet
- Late career paintings of Monet's garden pool showing progression toward abstraction and pure color over recognizable form.
- Haystacks series by Monet
- Series of paintings of the same haystacks at different times of day and seasons, showing how light transforms the subject.
- Impressionism - core principle
- Movement that broke from academic tradition by emphasizing immediate visual impression, light effects, and modern subject matter over historical or mythological scenes.
- Plein air painting
- Impressionist technique of painting outdoors directly from nature to capture fleeting effects of light, rather than painting in a studio.
- Broken color (Impressionism)
- Technique of placing unmixed colors side by side to blend optically in the viewer's eye rather than blending on the palette.