DNA, genes, traits, and basic inheritance patterns for a middle school life science unit. Front: the term. Back: a plain-language definition.
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- DNA
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A molecule that carries genetic information in the form of instructions for building and running living things- Gene
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A section of DNA that contains instructions for making a specific trait or protein- Chromosome
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A structure inside the nucleus of a cell that contains genes made of DNA- Trait
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A characteristic or feature of an organism, such as eye color or height- Heredity
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The passing of traits from parents to their offspring through genes- Dominant trait
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A trait that appears in an organism when at least one copy of its allele is present- Recessive trait
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A trait that only appears when two copies of its allele are present- Allele
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A different form or version of the same gene- Nucleus
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The part of a cell that contains the chromosomes and controls cell activities- Genotype
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The genetic makeup of an organism, or the alleles it has- Phenotype
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The visible traits of an organism that result from its genes and environment- Punnett square
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A diagram used to predict the traits that offspring might inherit from their parents- Homozygous
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Having two identical alleles for a trait- Heterozygous
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Having two different alleles for the same trait- Variation
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Differences in traits among individuals of the same species
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