Database Systems, unit: Database Security and Administration. Core concepts, terminology, and worked-example cues a college student meets for this unit, building on prior units without repeating them. Front: a term, concept, or short problem cue. Back: the definition, explanation, or answer.
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- What is database security?
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Protecting a database from unauthorized access, misuse, or corruption- What is authentication, in database security?
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Verifying the identity of a user or system attempting to access the database- What is authorization, in database security?
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Determining what actions an authenticated user is permitted to perform- What is role-based access control (RBAC)?
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Assigning permissions to roles, then granting users those roles, rather than individual permissions- What is SQL injection?
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An attack that inserts malicious SQL code into a query through unsanitized input- How can SQL injection typically be prevented?
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Using parameterized queries or prepared statements instead of string concatenation- What is data encryption at rest?
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Encrypting stored data so it is unreadable without proper decryption keys- What is data encryption in transit?
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Encrypting data as it moves between a client and a database server- What is a database backup?
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A copy of database data used to restore it in case of loss or corruption- What is a full backup?
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A complete copy of an entire database at a point in time- What is an incremental backup?
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A backup capturing only the changes made since the last backup- What is disaster recovery, in database administration?
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The process and plan for restoring database operations after a major failure- What is an audit log, in database security?
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A record of actions performed on a database, used to track access and changes- What is the principle of least privilege in database administration?
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Granting users only the minimum access necessary to perform their tasks- What is database administration (DBA) responsible for?
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Managing performance, security, availability, and integrity of a database system
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