Cross-cutting comparative government vocabulary spanning regime types, sovereignty, and institutional design.
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- Define state
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A political unit with defined territory, population, and government possessing sovereignty- What is sovereignty?
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The supreme power to govern without external interference- What is a regime?
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A system of government and the rules structuring political power- Difference between nation and state
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A nation is a people sharing identity; a state is a political unit with territory and government- What is constitutionalism?
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A political system where governmental power is limited by a constitution- Define authoritarianism
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Power rests with one ruler or small elite with limited political accountability to citizens- What is democracy?
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A system where political power ultimately rests with the people, exercised directly or through representatives- Define oligarchy
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A system where power rests with a small group distinguished by wealth, family, education, or military control- What is a theocracy?
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A government led by religious leaders or based on religious law- What is federalism?
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A system dividing power between a central government and regional or state governments- Define unitary system
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A system where all governmental power is concentrated in a central government- What is separation of powers?
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The division of government into distinct executive, legislative, and judicial branches- Define checks and balances
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Mechanisms allowing each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches- What is a parliamentary system?
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A system where the executive is drawn from and accountable to the legislature- Define presidential system
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A system where executive and legislative branches are elected separately and independently
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