Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma states, and the names and definitions of each phase change between them. Front: the term. Back: definition with an everyday example.
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- Solid
- Matter with a definite shape and volume, with particles tightly packed and vibrating in fixed positions.
- Liquid
- Matter with a definite volume but no definite shape, with particles close together but able to move past each other.
- Gas
- Matter with no definite shape or volume, with particles far apart and moving rapidly in all directions.
- Plasma
- A state of matter in which gas is ionized into free electrons and ions, found in stars and lightning.
- Melting
- The phase change from solid to liquid when heat is applied.
- Freezing
- The phase change from liquid to solid when heat is removed.
- Vaporization
- The phase change from liquid to gas when heat is applied.
- Condensation
- The phase change from gas to liquid when heat is removed.
- Sublimation
- The phase change from solid directly to gas without passing through the liquid state.
- Deposition
- The phase change from gas directly to solid without passing through the liquid state.
- Ionization
- The phase change from gas to plasma when gas becomes ionized into free electrons and ions.
- Deionization
- The phase change from plasma back to gas when ions and electrons recombine.
- Melting point
- The temperature at which a solid melts and becomes a liquid.
- Freezing point
- The temperature at which a liquid freezes and becomes a solid.
- Boiling point
- The temperature at which a liquid boils and vaporizes into a gas.