Foundational chemistry vocabulary including mole, valence, and oxidation for intro chemistry classes.
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- What is a mole?
- A unit equal to Avogadro's number of particles (atoms, molecules, etc.)
- What is Avogadro's number?
- 6.022 x 10^23
- What is molar mass?
- The mass of one mole of a substance, measured in grams per mole (g/mol)
- What are valence electrons?
- Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom
- What is the valence shell?
- The outermost electron shell of an atom
- What is valence?
- The combining capacity of an element, determined by the number of valence electrons
- What is oxidation?
- A process in which an atom loses electrons or increases in oxidation number
- What is an oxidation state?
- A number assigned to an element representing the number of electrons gained or lost
- What is reduction?
- A process in which an atom gains electrons or decreases in oxidation number
- What is a redox reaction?
- A reaction in which both oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously
- What is an atom?
- The smallest unit of an element that retains that element's chemical properties
- What is a chemical element?
- A pure substance made of only one type of atom
- What is a chemical compound?
- A substance made of two or more elements bonded together in a fixed ratio
- What is a chemical bond?
- A force that holds atoms together in molecules or compounds
- What is an ionic bond?
- A bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions