Core CFA Level 1 formulas (time value of money, quant, financial ratios) as cloze cards.
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- The present value of a future cash flow is calculated as PV = ____
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FV / (1 + r)^n- The future value of a present lump sum is calculated as FV = ____
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PV × (1 + r)^n- Net Present Value is calculated as NPV = ____
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sum of (CF_t / (1 + r)^t) - Initial Investment- The Internal Rate of Return is the discount rate where ____
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NPV = 0- The present value of an annuity due (payment at start of period) is PV = ____
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PMT × ((1 - (1 + r)^-n) / r) × (1 + r)- The present value of an ordinary annuity (payment at end of period) is PV = ____
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PMT × ((1 - (1 + r)^-n) / r)- The present value of a perpetuity is calculated as PV = ____
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PMT / r- The Effective Annual Rate is calculated as EAR = ____
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(1 + r/m)^m - 1- The Coefficient of Variation is calculated as CV = ____
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Standard Deviation / Mean- Correlation between two variables is calculated as r = ____
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Covariance / (SD_X × SD_Y)- Covariance between two variables X and Y is Cov(X,Y) = ____
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E[(X - E(X))(Y - E(Y))]- The standard deviation is the square root of ____
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variance- Expected return on a portfolio is calculated as E(R_p) = ____
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sum of (weight_i × R_i)- Portfolio variance with two assets is Var(R_p) = ____
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w_A^2 × SD_A^2 + w_B^2 × SD_B^2 + 2 × w_A × w_B × Cov(A,B)- Beta is calculated as Beta = ____
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Covariance(R_stock, R_market) / Variance(R_market)
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