Key painters, sculptors, and works of the Baroque and Rococo periods, with their defining traits. Front: the artist or work. Back: period, style traits, and significance.
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- Caravaggio
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Italian Baroque painter, 1571-1610. Revolutionary dramatic chiaroscuro lighting. Realistic common models instead of idealized figures. Intense emotional and religious narratives.- Diego Velazquez
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Spanish Baroque painter, 1599-1660. Court painter to Philip IV. Master of subtle color harmonies and psychological depth. Known for aristocratic restraint and observational accuracy.- Rembrandt van Rijn
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Dutch Golden Age Baroque painter, 1606-1669. Known for self-portraits, dynamic light-shadow effects, and emotional depth. Combined biblical/historical subjects with intimate psychology.- Peter Paul Rubens
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Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640. Dynamic compositions with full-figured women. Prolific studio in Antwerp. Combined allegorical, religious, and mythological themes with sensual energy.- Artemisia Gentileschi
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Italian Baroque painter, 1593-1656. First major female artist of the period. Dramatic biblical scenes with violent, powerful subjects. Strong chiaroscuro and agency-driven female figures.- Gian Lorenzo Bernini
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Italian Baroque sculptor and architect, 1598-1680. Revolutionized sculpture with dramatic movement and emotion. Combined sculpture with architecture and light. Created the Ecstasy of Saint Teresa.- Jusepe de Ribera
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Spanish Baroque painter, 1591-1652. Known for dark tonality and realistic depiction of martyrs and saints. Used chiaroscuro to intensify religious suffering and human drama.- Bartolome Murillo
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Spanish Baroque painter, 1617-1682. Known for religious paintings and genre scenes of humble life. Soft light effects and sentiment. Especially popular in colonial Spanish America.- Las Meninas (Velazquez)
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Baroque oil painting, 1656. Shows Spanish court scene with artist visible at his easel. Complex spatial composition plays with viewer perspective and presence. Considered one of art history's greatest paintings.- The Night Watch (Rembrandt)
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Baroque oil painting, 1642. Dutch militia portrait that abandons stiff formality for dynamic action and dramatic light. Shows movement and individual characterization within group composition.- Calling of Saint Matthew (Caravaggio)
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Baroque oil painting, 1599-1600. Religious narrative using chiaroscuro to highlight Christ summoning a tax collector. Points spotlight on spiritual transformation of sinners. Influenced countless Baroque religious works.- Judith Slaying Holofernes (Gentileschi)
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Baroque oil painting, 1620. Biblical subject showing female warrior beheading enemy general. Violent and dramatic with strong chiaroscuro. Demonstrates agency and power of female subject unlike typical depictions.- The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa (Bernini)
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Baroque marble sculpture and architectural ensemble, 1645-1652. Shows saint in spiritual rapture visited by angel. Combines sculpture, architecture, and light effects. Represents Baroque drama and emotion in religious art.- David (Bernini)
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Baroque marble sculpture, 1623-1624. Shows biblical hero at moment of intense action preparing to strike Goliath. Unlike Renaissance Davids, captures dynamic movement and psychological intensity characteristic of Baroque.- Baroque art period
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Roughly 1600-1750 in Europe. Originated in Counter-Reformation Italy. Characterized by dramatic lighting, movement, emotional intensity, grandeur, and religious fervor. Preceded by Renaissance, followed by Rococo.
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