AP Physics 1 momentum, energy conservation, and rotational motion concepts explained conceptually.
38 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is momentum?
- The product of an object's mass and velocity.
- State the impulse-momentum theorem.
- Impulse (force times time) equals the change in momentum.
- When is momentum conserved in a system?
- When the net external force on the system is zero.
- How do elastic and inelastic collisions differ?
- Elastic collisions conserve kinetic energy; inelastic collisions convert some kinetic energy to other forms.
- In an elastic collision, which two quantities are conserved?
- Momentum and kinetic energy.
- What is the center of mass?
- The point where the entire mass of an object or system can be treated as concentrated.
- Define kinetic energy.
- The energy of motion, equal to one-half mass times velocity squared.
- Define gravitational potential energy.
- The energy an object has due to its height in a gravitational field, equal to mass times gravitational acceleration times height.
- State the work-energy theorem.
- The net work done on an object equals its change in kinetic energy.
- What is a conservative force?
- A force where the work done depends only on initial and final positions, not the path taken.
- Name one example of a non-conservative force.
- Friction or air resistance.
- How does friction affect mechanical energy?
- Friction converts mechanical energy into thermal energy, reducing the system's total mechanical energy.
- Under what condition is mechanical energy conserved?
- When only conservative forces do work on the system.
- Define power.
- The rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.
- What is the relationship between power and efficiency?
- Efficiency is the ratio of useful power output to total power input.