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Calculus · AP

AP Calculus AB, Unit 1: Limits and Continuity

AP Calculus AB, unit: Limits and Continuity. Conceptual understanding and key rules for this unit, explained in plain language alongside the formula. Front: a concept or short problem cue. Back: the explanation, rule, or answer.

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What is a limit, informally?
The value a function approaches as its input gets arbitrarily close to a point
What is the notation for the limit of f(x) as x approaches c?
lim(x to c) f(x)
What does it mean for a limit to exist at a point?
The left-hand and right-hand limits are equal at that point
What is a one-sided limit?
The value a function approaches as x approaches a point from only one direction
What is the left-hand limit?
The value a function approaches as x approaches a point from values less than it
What is the right-hand limit?
The value a function approaches as x approaches a point from values greater than it
What happens if the left-hand and right-hand limits differ?
The overall limit at that point does not exist
What is a removable discontinuity?
A point where a function is undefined or differs from its limit, but the limit still exists
What is a jump discontinuity?
A point where the left-hand and right-hand limits exist but are not equal
What is an infinite discontinuity?
A point where a function's value increases or decreases without bound
What does it mean for a function to be continuous at a point?
The function is defined there, the limit exists there, and they are equal
What is the Intermediate Value Theorem?
If a function is continuous on a closed interval, it takes every value between its endpoint values
What is a limit at infinity?
The value a function approaches as x grows without bound in the positive or negative direction
What is a horizontal asymptote?
A horizontal line a function's graph approaches as x approaches infinity or negative infinity
What is a vertical asymptote?
A vertical line where a function's value approaches infinity or negative infinity

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