Scientific reasoning vocabulary and concepts tested on the ACT Science section.
35 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- In an experiment, what is the variable that the researcher deliberately changes?
- Independent variable
- In an experiment, what is the variable that the researcher measures as the outcome?
- Dependent variable
- Variables kept the same throughout an experiment to isolate the effect of the independent variable are called what?
- Control variables
- What is the group in an experiment that receives no treatment and is used as a baseline for comparison?
- Control group
- What is the group in an experiment that receives the treatment or intervention being tested?
- Experimental group
- A testable prediction based on limited evidence, used as a starting point for further investigation, is called a(n) what?
- Hypothesis
- A well-tested explanation supported by a large body of evidence and accepted by the scientific community is called a(n) what?
- Theory
- A statement that describes what happens in nature under certain conditions, but not why, is called a(n) what?
- Law
- How close a measurement is to the true or accepted value is called what?
- Accuracy
- How consistent or repeatable measurements are is called what?
- Precision
- Which digits in a measurement carry meaningful information about the quantity being measured?
- Significant figures
- What is the calculated difference between an experimental value and the accepted value, expressed as a percentage?
- Percent error
- What type of relationship exists when two variables increase or decrease together at a constant rate?
- Linear relationship
- What type of relationship exists when an increase in one variable corresponds to a decrease in another?
- Inverse relationship
- What is the rate of change between two points on a graph?
- Slope