Core Urdu verb conjugation and postposition patterns with an example phrase per card. Front: the Urdu word or phrase in Nastaliq script with romanization in parentheses. Back: English meaning.
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- نے (ne) - میں نے کتاب پڑھی
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Perfective marker for transitive past tense - I read the book- کو (ko) - مجھے یہ دو
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Dative postposition marking recipient or object - Give me this- سے (se) - وہ شہر سے آتا ہے
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Ablative postposition marking source or instrument - He comes from the city- میں (mein) - گھر میں ہوں
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Locative postposition marking location - I am in the house- پر (par) - میز پر کتاب ہے
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Locative postposition marking surface or position - The book is on the table- تک (tak) - صبح تک انتظار کرو
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Terminative postposition marking limit or duration - Wait until morning- ہوں (hun) - میں ہوں
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Present tense of to be, first person singular - I am- ہو (ho) - تم ہو
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Present tense of to be, second person singular informal - You are- ہے (hai) - وہ ہے
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Present tense of to be, third person singular - He/She is- ہیں (hain) - وہ ہیں
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Present tense of to be, plural and formal second person - They are / You (formal) are- کرتا ہوں (karta hun) - میں روز کام کرتا ہوں
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Present habitual tense, masculine - I do work daily- کرتی ہوں (karti hun) - میں روز کام کرتی ہوں
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Present habitual tense, feminine first person - I do work daily- کرتے ہیں (karte hain) - وہ روز کام کرتے ہیں
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Present habitual tense, third person plural or formal - They work daily- کر رہا ہوں (kar raha hun) - میں کام کر رہا ہوں
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Present continuous, masculine - I am working- کر رہی ہوں (kar rahi hun) - میں کام کر رہی ہوں
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Present continuous, feminine - I am working
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