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Swahili · Grammar

Swahili Noun Classes and Verb Conjugation

The Swahili noun class system and subject/object verb prefixes, a hallmark of Swahili grammar, with an example phrase per card. Front: the Swahili word or phrase. Back: English meaning.

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mtu
person (class 1, singular noun prefix m-)
watu
people (class 2, plural noun prefix wa-)
mti
tree (class 3, singular noun prefix m-)
miti
trees (class 4, plural noun prefix mi-)
limao
lemon (class 5, singular noun prefix li-)
mamao
lemons (class 6, plural noun prefix ma-)
kitabu
book (class 7, singular noun prefix ki-)
vitabu
books (class 8, plural noun prefix vi-)
nyumba
house (class 9, singular noun prefix n-)
ndoto
dream (class 9, singular noun prefix n-)
Mtu a-na-soma
He or she is reading (class 1 subject prefix a- with present tense -na-)
Watu wa-na-soma
They are reading (class 2 subject prefix wa- with present tense -na-)
Limao li-na-bichi
The lemon is ripe (class 5 subject prefix li- with present tense -na-)
Mamao ya-na-bichi
The lemons are ripe (class 6 subject prefix ya- with present tense -na-)
Kitabu ki-na-kuwa na mada
The book has a theme or topic (class 7 subject prefix ki- with present tense -na-)

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