Key Sindhi consonants (including the implosive letters), vowel sounds, and dialect notes for accurate pronunciation. Front: the sound pattern or example word. Back: meaning plus a plain-English pronunciation note.
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- ٻ sound
- An implosive "b," pronounced by drawing air inward, distinct from a plain ب. Example word: ٻار (child).
- ڄ sound
- An implosive "j," pronounced by drawing air inward, distinct from a plain ج. Example word: ڄمڻ (to be born).
- ڏ sound
- An implosive "d," pronounced by drawing air inward, distinct from a plain د. Example word: ڏينهن (day).
- ڳ sound
- An implosive "g," pronounced by drawing air inward, distinct from a plain گ. Example word: ڳوٺ (village).
- ٺ sound
- A retroflex "t," pronounced with the tongue curled back against the roof of the mouth. Example word: ٺيڪ (okay, fine).
- ڊ sound
- A retroflex "d," pronounced with the tongue curled back. Example word: ڊاڪٽر (doctor).
- ڻ sound
- A retroflex "n," pronounced with the tongue curled back. Example word: هاڻي (now).
- ڙ sound
- A retroflex flap "r," pronounced with a quick flick of the tongue tip curled back. Example word: مڙس (husband).
- ک sound
- An aspirated "kh," pronounced with a puff of air, distinct from the plain ڪ. Example word: کير (milk).
- ڀ sound
- An aspirated "bh," pronounced with a puff of air after the b sound. Example word: ڀاءُ (brother).
- ڍ sound
- An aspirated retroflex "dh," combining retroflex articulation with a puff of air.
- گھ combination
- An aspirated "gh," pronounced with a puff of air after the g sound. Example word: گھر (house).
- ٿ sound
- An aspirated "th," as in the verb marker ٿو (tho), used to mark the present tense.
- Four implosive consonants
- Sindhi is notable among Indo-Aryan languages for having four implosive consonants, ٻ, ڄ, ڏ, and ڳ, not found in Urdu or Hindi.
- Right-to-left script
- Sindhi is written right to left using an extended Perso-Arabic script with extra letters for sounds Arabic and Persian lack.
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