Key Polish vocabulary for holidays, traditions, and social customs, with brief notes on greetings, hospitality, and gift-giving etiquette. Front: the Polish word or phrase. Back: English meaning and brief cultural note.
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- Dzień dobry
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Good day; formal greeting used until evening, shows respect- Cześć
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Hi; informal greeting used with friends and family- Jak się masz
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How are you; casual greeting, expects a brief response- Do widzenia
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Goodbye; formal farewell meaning 'until seeing you again'- Do zobaczenia
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See you later; casual farewell between friends- Proszę
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Please; essential politeness word, also means 'you're welcome'- Dziękuję
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Thank you; showing gratitude is important in Polish hospitality culture- Przepraszam
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Excuse me or sorry; used to apologize or politely get someone's attention- Boże Narodzenie
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Christmas; major winter holiday celebrated December 25th with family gatherings- Wigilia
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Christmas Eve; family gathers for meatless 12-dish meal on December 24th, most important family dinner- Pasterka
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Midnight Mass; traditional Christmas religious service celebrated at midnight- Oplatek
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Thin Christmas wafer; shared among family before Wigilia meal, symbolizes forgiveness and unity- Wielkanoc
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Easter; spring holiday celebrated with family gatherings and special blessed meals- Święconka
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Easter basket blessing; baskets of food are blessed by priest before Easter Sunday meal- Andrzejki
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St. Andrew's Eve; November 29-30 celebration featuring divination games to predict the future
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