Germanic kingdoms, Charlemagne, Viking raids, feudal structure, and the early church.
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- What territory did the Visigothic Kingdom control before the Islamic conquest?
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The Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal)- Which Ostrogothic king ruled Italy in the early sixth century and attempted to preserve Roman civilization?
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Theodoric the Great- What was the name of the Frankish dynasty that ruled before the Carolingian line?
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Merovingian dynasty- Which Germanic people established a kingdom in northern Italy in the sixth century?
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The Lombards- What was the collective name for the seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of early medieval England?
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The Heptarchy- Which Germanic tribe invaded North Africa and briefly controlled Mediterranean trade routes?
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The Vandals- The Burgundian Kingdom during the early medieval period controlled which region?
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East-central Gaul and the Rhone valley (modern-day eastern France)- In what year was Charlemagne crowned emperor by Pope Leo III?
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800 CE- What was the primary focus of the Carolingian Renaissance?
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Revival of Latin learning, education, and classical texts- What was the significance of Charlemagne's palace at Aachen?
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It was the administrative and cultural center of the Carolingian Empire- What major political achievement did Pepin the Short accomplish regarding papal authority?
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He donated conquered lands to the pope, establishing the Papal States- What were Charlemagne's military campaigns against the Saxons called?
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The Saxon Wars- In the Frankish administrative system, what were capitularies?
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Royal decrees or edicts issued by the king to govern the realm- What treaty in 843 divided Charlemagne's empire among his grandsons?
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The Treaty of Verdun- What was the Carolingian Palace School at Aachen established to accomplish?
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To educate clergy and reform Latin literacy and learning throughout the empire
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