Key Hungarian letter combinations, vowel lengths, and stress patterns, with plain-English pronunciation notes and minimal pairs. Front: the letter, letter combination, or sound pattern. Back: the meaning plus a pronunciation note.
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- gy
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Pronounced like the "d" in British "duke," a palatalized d sound. Example: "magyar" (Hungarian).- ly
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Pronounced exactly like "y" in "yes" in modern Hungarian, even though it looks like an l. Example: "király" (king).- ny
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Pronounced like the "ny" in "canyon," a palatal n. Example: "hány" (how many).- ty
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Pronounced like the "ty" in British "tune," a palatalized t. Example: "kutya" (dog).- sz
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Pronounced like the plain "s" in "sun." Example: "szia" (hi).- s (alone)
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Pronounced like "sh" in "shoe," the opposite of what English speakers expect from a plain s. Example: "és" (and).- zs
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Pronounced like the "s" in "measure," a soft "zh" sound. Example: "zsír" (fat; slang for 'cool').- cs
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Pronounced like "ch" in "church." Example: "csak" (only).- c
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Pronounced like "ts" in "cats." Example: "cukor" (sugar).- á
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A long, open "ah" sound, distinct from short "a." Example: "vár" (castle).- a (short)
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Pronounced more like a short, rounded "o" as in British "hot," not like English short a. Example: "alma" (apple).- é
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A long, closed "ay" sound, similar to French é. Example: "kérem" (please).- e (short)
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An open "eh" sound, like "e" in "bed" but shorter. Example: "ez" (this).- ő
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A long, rounded front vowel, like German ö held longer. Example: "nő" (woman).- ö
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A short rounded front vowel, like German ö. Example: "könyv" (book).
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