Key Gujarati vowels, consonants, and aspiration contrasts for accurate pronunciation. Front: the sound pattern or example word. Back: meaning plus a plain-English pronunciation note.
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- અ sound (a)
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A short "a," like in "cup."- આ sound (aa)
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A long "aa," like in "father."- ઇ sound (i)
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A short "i," like in "sit."- ઈ sound (ee)
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A long "ee," like in "see."- ઉ sound (u)
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A short "u," like in "put."- ઊ sound (oo)
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A long "oo," like in "food."- એ sound (e)
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Like the "e" in "they."- ઐ sound (ai)
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A diphthong like "ai" in "aisle."- ઓ sound (o)
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Like the "o" in "go."- ઔ sound (au)
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A diphthong like "ow" in "how."- અં sound (anuswar)
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A nasalized vowel sound, marked by a dot above the letter.- અઃ sound (visarga)
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A light final "h" breath sound, rare and mostly found in Sanskrit-derived words.- ળ sound (retroflex l)
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A retroflex "l," made with the tongue curled back, distinct from a plain l. Found in words like fal (fruit).- ણ sound (retroflex n)
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A retroflex "n," made with the tongue curled back against the roof of the mouth.- ટ sound (unaspirated retroflex t)
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A retroflex, unaspirated "t," crisper than an English t.
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