Argument structure, assumption identification, and common flaw types tested on the GMAT critical reasoning question type.
36 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What are the three main components of any logical argument?
- Premise (evidence), conclusion (main point), and assumption (unstated link)
- What is a premise?
- Evidence or facts presented to support a conclusion
- What is a conclusion?
- The main point or claim that the author is trying to prove
- What is an assumption?
- An unstated belief required for the argument to be logically sound
- What does it mean to 'strengthen' an argument?
- To add support that makes the conclusion more likely to be true
- What does it mean to 'weaken' an argument?
- To add information that makes the conclusion less likely to be true
- What is the ad hominem fallacy?
- Attacking the person making the argument rather than addressing the argument itself
- What is the straw man fallacy?
- Misrepresenting an opponent's position and then attacking that weaker version
- What is the false dilemma fallacy?
- Presenting only two options when more than two actually exist
- What is circular reasoning?
- Using the conclusion as evidence to support the argument
- What is the appeal to authority fallacy?
- Accepting a claim because an authority figure says it, without examining the claim
- What is the appeal to emotion fallacy?
- Trying to persuade through emotion rather than logical evidence
- What is equivocation?
- Using a word in two different senses within the same argument
- What is hasty generalization?
- Drawing a broad conclusion from insufficient or unrepresentative evidence
- What is the post hoc fallacy?
- Assuming that because B followed A, A must have caused B