Key Georgian sounds, including ejective consonants and consonant clusters, for accurate pronunciation. Front: the sound pattern or example word. Back: meaning plus a plain-English pronunciation note.
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- ყ (q)
- Uvular ejective consonant. Pronounced far back in the throat, sharper than a regular k
- კ (k')
- Ejective k sound. A sharp burst of air, distinct from the aspirated 'kh'
- ქ (kh)
- Aspirated k sound. Pronounced with a puff of breath, like English k in kite
- ტ (t')
- Ejective t sound. A crisp, glottalized t with no puff of air
- თ (t)
- Aspirated t sound. Like English t in top, with a breathy release
- პ (p')
- Ejective p sound. A sharp, glottalized p with no air release
- ფ (p)
- Aspirated p sound. Like English p in pot, with a puff of air
- წ (ts')
- Ejective ts sound. A sharp glottalized affricate with no close English equivalent
- ც (ts)
- Aspirated ts sound. Like ts in cats, but with more breath
- ჭ (ch')
- Ejective ch sound. A sharp glottalized affricate
- ჩ (ch)
- Aspirated ch sound. Like English ch in chair
- ღ (gh)
- Voiced uvular fricative. Like the French r or a gargled g sound
- ხ (kh)
- Voiceless uvular fricative. Like the ch in Scottish loch
- ძ (dz)
- Voiced affricate. Like ds in kids
- ჯ (j)
- Voiced affricate. Like English j in jam
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