Core concepts and thinkers from Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism, and other Eastern philosophical traditions.
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- Who founded Confucianism?
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Confucius (Kong Qiu)- What is ren in Confucian philosophy?
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Humaneness, benevolence, or virtue- What does li mean in Confucianism?
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Propriety, ritual, or correct social conduct- What is a junzi in Confucian thought?
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A noble or exemplary person of moral character- What is the central concept of Daoism?
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The Dao, the ultimate way or reality- What does wu wei mean in Daoism?
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Non-action or effortless action- Who wrote the Daodejing?
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Laozi (legendary founder of Daoism)- Who was Zhuangzi?
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A Daoist philosopher known for paradoxes and skepticism- What does ziran mean in Daoism?
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Spontaneity or naturalness- What symbol represents yin-yang balance in Daoism?
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A circle with two complementary halves- Who was the historical Buddha?
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Siddhartha Gautama- State the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism.
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Suffering exists; suffering has a cause; suffering can end; there is a path to its end- What is the Buddhist Eightfold Path?
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Right view, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration- What does nirvana mean in Buddhism?
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Extinguishing of craving and the cessation of suffering- What is karma in Buddhist philosophy?
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The law of cause and effect, where actions produce consequences
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