日本語 · Beginner · 語学学習

Japanese Particles

Common Japanese particles and their functions in a sentence, such as wa, ga, o, and ni.

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What particle marks the topic of a sentence?

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は (wa)

私は学生です。What does は do here?

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Marks 私 (I) as the topic of the sentence

What particle marks the grammatical subject?

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が (ga)

誰が来ましたか？What does が do here?

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Marks 誰 (who) as the subject being asked about

What particle marks the direct object of a verb?

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を (o/wo)

私は本を読みます。What does を do here?

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Marks 本 (book) as the direct object of 読みます (to read)

What particle indicates direction or destination?

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に (ni)

学校に行きます。What does に do here?

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Indicates school is the destination

What particle shows the location where an action occurs?

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で (de)

カフェで勉強します。What does で do here?

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Shows the cafe is the place where studying happens

What is the difference between に and で for location?

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に = destination or existence; で = location of action

What particle shows possession or relationships?

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の (no)

私の本。What does の do here?

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Shows the book belongs to me

What particle connects items in a list or shows accompaniment?

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と (to)

友達と遊びます。What does と do here?

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Shows companionship; 'I play with a friend'

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